Color Glossary

An additional data channel in a color value that specifies the color's transparency level, independent of its RGB components.

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The ability of the human visual system to perceive the color of objects as relatively constant despite changes in illumination conditions.

The granularity with which color values can be specified and rendered, determined by the bit depth of the color system.

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The ratio of relative luminance between two colors, measuring how distinguishable they are from each other.

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A specification of the color appearance of light emitted by a source, measured in Kelvin and corresponding to the temperature of an ideal black-body radiator.

A photometric measure of the intensity of light emitted or reflected from a surface per unit area in a given direction.

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The phenomenon where two colors appear identical under one lighting condition but different under another, despite having different spectral compositions.

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The degree to which a color or element blocks the content behind it, where 100% is fully opaque and 0% is fully transparent.

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The luminance of a color normalized to a scale from 0 (black) to 1 (white), used as the basis for calculating contrast ratios.

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An optical phenomenon where the perception of a color is altered by the colors surrounding it, making it appear different than it would in isolation.

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The property of a color or surface that allows light and background content to pass through it.

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A color representation using 24 bits (8 bits per RGB channel) that provides approximately 16.7 million distinct colors.