델타 E (색차)
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두 색의 지각적 차이를 수치화하는 척도로, 값이 작을수록 두 색이 더 유사함을 나타냄.
Delta E (written as dE or DE) is calculated in perceptually uniform color spaces, typically CIELAB. A Delta E of 1.0 represents the smallest color difference most people can perceive. Values below 1.0 are imperceptible to most observers, 1-2 is perceptible through close observation, 2-10 is perceptible at a glance, and above 10 indicates colors are clearly different hues. Several formulas exist: CIE76 (Euclidean distance in Lab), CIE94, and CIEDE2000 (the most accurate, accounting for perceptual non-uniformities). Delta E is essential in manufacturing quality control, color matching, and verifying print accuracy.